DJH Energy Consulting
Dan J. Hartmann
P.O. Box 271
Fredericskburg, Texas 78624
210-508-7455
djhec@ktc.com
Dan J. Hartmann
P.O. Box 271
Fredericskburg, Texas 78624
210-508-7455
djhec@ktc.com
This link provides an extensive bibliography of pertinent papers, plus a brief library of papers in Adobe Acrobat PDF format that are fundamental to the reservoir characterization models. The papers are organized by subject matter.
1) Pore Space Characterization
These papers demonstrate the progressive learning of the presence, type and role of pore geometry in a reservoir.
-Determining pore volume of a rock (core and log processes).
-Documenting size, shape and distribution of pores (rooms) and pore throats (doors) using thin section, scanning electron microscope photos and
capillary pressure curves (Pc).
-Integrating pore geometry with fluid (oil, gas, water) distribution and performance.
Berg, R., 1975, Capillary pressures in stratigraphic traps: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 59, no. 6, p.939–956.
Erlich, R., S.J. Crabtree, K.O. Horkowitz, and J.P. Horkowitz, 1991, Petrography and reservoir physics, 1: objective classification of reservoir porosity: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 75, no. 10, p. 1547–1563.
Patchett, J.G., and E.B. Coalson, 1982, The determination of porosity in sandstone and shaly sandstone, part 2: effects of complex mineralogy and hydrocarbons: 23rd Annual SPWLA Logging Symposium, July 6–9, paper T, 50 p.
Pittman, E.D., 1992, Relationship of porosity to permeability to various parameters derived from mercury injection–capillary pressure curves for sandstone: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 191–198.
_____ and J.B. Thomas, 1979, Some applications of scanning electron microscopy to the study of reservoir rock: Journal of Petroleum Technology, November, p. 1375–1380.
Purser, B.H., 1978, Early diagenesis and the preservation of porosity in Jurassic limestones: Journal of Petroleum Geology, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 83–94.
Stonecipher, S.A., R.D. Winn, Jr., and M.G. Bishop, 1984, Diagenesis of the Frontier Formation, Moxa Arch: a function of sandstone geometry, texture and composition, and fluid flux, in D.A. McDonald and R.C. Surdam, eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 289–316.
Thomas, L.K., P.L. Katz, and M.R. Tek, 1968, Threshold pressure phenomena in porous media: SPE Journal, June, p. 174–184.
2) Reservoir Fluid Distribution
Fluid distribution and flow with pressure drop was not well understood until the 1940's, and these papers track that learning curve. The paper by
Illing (1939) provides a platform for linking fluid flow to changes in grain size (pore geometry) of various sand packs in horizontal tubes. This document
fueled the investigation into buoyancy (capillary pressure) and 2-phase relative permeability applications. Simultaneously, Archie researched and
published a relationship that relates water saturation to porosity, resistivity and pore geometry.
Archie, G.W., 1941, The Electrical Resistivity Log as an Aid in Determining Some Reservoir Characteristics (SPE).
Archie, G.E., 1942, Classification of carbonate reservoir rocks and petrophysical considerations: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 36, no. 2,
p. 218–298. A classic paper written way before its time.
Arps, J.J., 1964, Engineering concepts useful in oil finding: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 48, no. 2,p. 943–961. Explains concepts of rock/fluid interaction in easy-to-understand terms. Beard, D.C., and P.K. Weyl, 1973, Influence of texture on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sand: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 57, no. 2, p. 349–369.
Dembicki, H., Jr., and M.L. Anderson, 1989, Secondary migration of oil: experiments supporting efficient movement of separate, buoyant oil phase along limited conduits: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 73, no. 9, p. 1018–1021.
Hirsch, L.M., and A.H. Thompson, 1995, Minimum saturations and buoyancy in secondary migration: AAPG Bulletin. vol. 79, no. 5, p. 696–710.
Illing, V.C., 1939, "Some Factors in Oil Accumulation ", reprinted in AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology reprint series #8 (Geochemistry) pp. 503-527.
Pickett, G.R., 1966, A review of current techniques for determination of water saturation from logs: Journal of Petroleum Technology, November,
p. 1425–1433.
_____, 1973, Pattern recognition as a means of formation evaluation: The Log Analyst, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 3–11.
Schowalter, T.T., 1979, Mechanics of secondary hydrocarbon migration and entrapment: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 63, no. 5, p. 723–760.
3) Reservoir Architecture
Vertical and lateral depositional fabric influences performance. Diagenesis (alteration of primary pore space) also modifies performance in either
positive or negative directions.
Ebanks, J., N.H. Scheihing, and C.D. Atkinson, 1993, Flow units for reservoir characterization, in D. Morton-Thompson and A.M. Woods, eds., Development Geology Reference Manual: AAPG Methods in Exploration Series 10, p. 282–285.
Handford, C.R., and R.G. Loucks, 1995, Carbonate depositional sequences and systems tracts—responses of carbonate platforms to relative sea-level changes.
R.G. Loucks and J.F. Sarg, eds., Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy: Recent Developments and Applications: AAPG Memoir 57, p. 3–42.
Loucks, M.M. Dodge, and W.E. Galloway, 1984, Regional controls on diagenesis and reservoir quality in Lower Tertiary sandstones along the Texas Gulf Coast, in D.A. McDonald and R.C. Surdam, eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 15–45.
Neasham, J.W., 1977, The morphology of dispersed clay in sandstone reservoirs and its effect on sandstone shaliness, pore space, and fluid flow properties: Proceedings of the SPE Annual Meeting, October 9–12, paper SPE-6858.
Stonecipher, S.A., and J.A. May, 1990, Facies controls on early diagenesis: Wilcox Group, Texas Gulf Coast, in D. Meshri and P.J. Ortoleva, eds., Prediction of Reservoir Quality Through Chemical Modeling, I: AAPG Memoir 49, p. 25–44.
Wilson, M.D. and E.D. Pittman, 1977, Authigenic clays in sandstones: recognition and influence on reservoir properties and paleoenvironmental analysis: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, vol. 47, no. 1, p. 3–31.
4) Reservoir and Well Performance
Examples of performance from various reservoir types.
Coalson, E.B., S.M. Goolsby, and M.H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers in carbonate rocks, in J.C. Dolson, M.L. Hendricks, and W.A. Wescott, eds., Unconformity Related Hydrocarbons in Sedimentary Sequences: RMAG Guidebook for Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation in Clastic and Carbonate Sediments, p. 45–58.
Sneider, R.M., and H.R. King, 1984, Integrated rock-log calibration in the Elmworth field—Alberta, Canada: part I: reservoir rock detection and characterization, in J.A. Masters, ed., Elmworth—Case Study of a Deep Basin Gas Field: AAPG Memoir 38, p. 205–214.
Wardlaw, N.C., and J.P. Cassan, 1978, Estimation of recovery efficiency by visual observation of pore systems in reservoir rocks: Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 572–585.
1) Pore Space Characterization
These papers demonstrate the progressive learning of the presence, type and role of pore geometry in a reservoir.
-Determining pore volume of a rock (core and log processes).
-Documenting size, shape and distribution of pores (rooms) and pore throats (doors) using thin section, scanning electron microscope photos and
capillary pressure curves (Pc).
-Integrating pore geometry with fluid (oil, gas, water) distribution and performance.
Berg, R., 1975, Capillary pressures in stratigraphic traps: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 59, no. 6, p.939–956.
Erlich, R., S.J. Crabtree, K.O. Horkowitz, and J.P. Horkowitz, 1991, Petrography and reservoir physics, 1: objective classification of reservoir porosity: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 75, no. 10, p. 1547–1563.
Patchett, J.G., and E.B. Coalson, 1982, The determination of porosity in sandstone and shaly sandstone, part 2: effects of complex mineralogy and hydrocarbons: 23rd Annual SPWLA Logging Symposium, July 6–9, paper T, 50 p.
Pittman, E.D., 1992, Relationship of porosity to permeability to various parameters derived from mercury injection–capillary pressure curves for sandstone: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 191–198.
_____ and J.B. Thomas, 1979, Some applications of scanning electron microscopy to the study of reservoir rock: Journal of Petroleum Technology, November, p. 1375–1380.
Purser, B.H., 1978, Early diagenesis and the preservation of porosity in Jurassic limestones: Journal of Petroleum Geology, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 83–94.
Stonecipher, S.A., R.D. Winn, Jr., and M.G. Bishop, 1984, Diagenesis of the Frontier Formation, Moxa Arch: a function of sandstone geometry, texture and composition, and fluid flux, in D.A. McDonald and R.C. Surdam, eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 289–316.
Thomas, L.K., P.L. Katz, and M.R. Tek, 1968, Threshold pressure phenomena in porous media: SPE Journal, June, p. 174–184.
2) Reservoir Fluid Distribution
Fluid distribution and flow with pressure drop was not well understood until the 1940's, and these papers track that learning curve. The paper by
Illing (1939) provides a platform for linking fluid flow to changes in grain size (pore geometry) of various sand packs in horizontal tubes. This document
fueled the investigation into buoyancy (capillary pressure) and 2-phase relative permeability applications. Simultaneously, Archie researched and
published a relationship that relates water saturation to porosity, resistivity and pore geometry.
Archie, G.W., 1941, The Electrical Resistivity Log as an Aid in Determining Some Reservoir Characteristics (SPE).
Archie, G.E., 1942, Classification of carbonate reservoir rocks and petrophysical considerations: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 36, no. 2,
p. 218–298. A classic paper written way before its time.
Arps, J.J., 1964, Engineering concepts useful in oil finding: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 48, no. 2,p. 943–961. Explains concepts of rock/fluid interaction in easy-to-understand terms. Beard, D.C., and P.K. Weyl, 1973, Influence of texture on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sand: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 57, no. 2, p. 349–369.
Dembicki, H., Jr., and M.L. Anderson, 1989, Secondary migration of oil: experiments supporting efficient movement of separate, buoyant oil phase along limited conduits: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 73, no. 9, p. 1018–1021.
Hirsch, L.M., and A.H. Thompson, 1995, Minimum saturations and buoyancy in secondary migration: AAPG Bulletin. vol. 79, no. 5, p. 696–710.
Illing, V.C., 1939, "Some Factors in Oil Accumulation ", reprinted in AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology reprint series #8 (Geochemistry) pp. 503-527.
Pickett, G.R., 1966, A review of current techniques for determination of water saturation from logs: Journal of Petroleum Technology, November,
p. 1425–1433.
_____, 1973, Pattern recognition as a means of formation evaluation: The Log Analyst, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 3–11.
Schowalter, T.T., 1979, Mechanics of secondary hydrocarbon migration and entrapment: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 63, no. 5, p. 723–760.
3) Reservoir Architecture
Vertical and lateral depositional fabric influences performance. Diagenesis (alteration of primary pore space) also modifies performance in either
positive or negative directions.
Ebanks, J., N.H. Scheihing, and C.D. Atkinson, 1993, Flow units for reservoir characterization, in D. Morton-Thompson and A.M. Woods, eds., Development Geology Reference Manual: AAPG Methods in Exploration Series 10, p. 282–285.
Handford, C.R., and R.G. Loucks, 1995, Carbonate depositional sequences and systems tracts—responses of carbonate platforms to relative sea-level changes.
R.G. Loucks and J.F. Sarg, eds., Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy: Recent Developments and Applications: AAPG Memoir 57, p. 3–42.
Loucks, M.M. Dodge, and W.E. Galloway, 1984, Regional controls on diagenesis and reservoir quality in Lower Tertiary sandstones along the Texas Gulf Coast, in D.A. McDonald and R.C. Surdam, eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 15–45.
Neasham, J.W., 1977, The morphology of dispersed clay in sandstone reservoirs and its effect on sandstone shaliness, pore space, and fluid flow properties: Proceedings of the SPE Annual Meeting, October 9–12, paper SPE-6858.
Stonecipher, S.A., and J.A. May, 1990, Facies controls on early diagenesis: Wilcox Group, Texas Gulf Coast, in D. Meshri and P.J. Ortoleva, eds., Prediction of Reservoir Quality Through Chemical Modeling, I: AAPG Memoir 49, p. 25–44.
Wilson, M.D. and E.D. Pittman, 1977, Authigenic clays in sandstones: recognition and influence on reservoir properties and paleoenvironmental analysis: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, vol. 47, no. 1, p. 3–31.
4) Reservoir and Well Performance
Examples of performance from various reservoir types.
Coalson, E.B., S.M. Goolsby, and M.H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers in carbonate rocks, in J.C. Dolson, M.L. Hendricks, and W.A. Wescott, eds., Unconformity Related Hydrocarbons in Sedimentary Sequences: RMAG Guidebook for Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation in Clastic and Carbonate Sediments, p. 45–58.
Sneider, R.M., and H.R. King, 1984, Integrated rock-log calibration in the Elmworth field—Alberta, Canada: part I: reservoir rock detection and characterization, in J.A. Masters, ed., Elmworth—Case Study of a Deep Basin Gas Field: AAPG Memoir 38, p. 205–214.
Wardlaw, N.C., and J.P. Cassan, 1978, Estimation of recovery efficiency by visual observation of pore systems in reservoir rocks: Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 572–585.